(Unit base + Install complexity adder), adjusted by Region = Total
The estimate takes the 2026 installed unit cost for the size and type — $1,050 electric / $1,650 gas / $3,200 tankless for a 50-gallon equivalent — adds the complexity adder ($0, $800, or $1,500), then applies the region multiplier. The total splits into the unit and materials (about 55%) and labor (about 45%: disconnect, install, venting, permit, haul-away).
Materials ≈ 55% · Labor ≈ 45%
About 55% of the project is materials (the unit, venting, fittings, and expansion tank); the other 45% is labor (removal, installation, and permits).
The low–high range reflects the published installed band for a standard swap.